Effects of AHCC® Supplementation on IFN-γ Levels and Quality of Life in NSCLC Patients Undergoing Platinum-Based Chemotherapy: A Double-Blind Study

Background: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with most cases diagnosed at advanced stages. In non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), inflammation plays a critical role in tumor progression, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is a key mediator of antitumor immunity. Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC®), a mushroom-derived extract, has demonstrated immunomodulatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of AHCC® supplementation on IFN-γ levels and quality of life (QoL) in patients with NSCLC undergoing platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods: This prospective, double-blind randomized study included 50 patients with NSCLC assigned to receive AHCC® supplementation (n = 25) or placebo (n = 25) alongside platinum-based chemotherapy. Blood samples were collected at baseline and during treatment, and IFN-γ levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). QoL was assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Results: IFN-γ levels decreased in both groups following chemotherapy, with no significant differences observed within or between groups (p = 0.808). QoL improved over time in both groups, particularly in physical functioning and global health status; however, no significant differences were found between groups (p > 0.05). Significant within-group improvements in physical functioning and overall QoL were observed in the AHCC® group. Conclusion: AHCC® supplementation did not significantly affect IFN-γ levels or QoL compared with placebo. However, the observed within-group improvements suggest a potential supportive role in maintaining functional status during chemotherapy. Further large-scale studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm these findings.