Correlation between Radiological and Histopathological Findings in Solid Organ Tumors: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Abstract
Background: Non-invasive imaging modalities such as ultrasonography (USG), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are critical for detecting and characterizing solid organ tumors. However, histopathology remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis. Establishing a robust correlation between radiological and histopathological findings enhances diagnostic accuracy, guides targeted biopsies, and informs patient management strategies. Objective: This study evaluates the correlation between radiological characteristics (size, margins, enhancement, and internal architecture) and histopathological outcomes in solid organ tumors, focusing on the diagnostic accuracy of USG, CT, and MRI, and identifying imaging features predictive of malignancy. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over 18 months, enrolling 100 patients with radiologically detected solid tumors in the liver, kidney, pancreas, spleen, or adrenal glands. Imaging features were correlated with histopathological results from biopsy or surgical excision. Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and correlation coefficients were calculated. Results: Among 100 patients (mean age 52 ± 14 years; 58% male), the liver (40%) and kidney (32%) were the most commonly affected organs. Malignant lesions accounted for 68% of cases. Radiologic–histopathologic correlation was strong for malignant tumors (r = 0.82, p < 0.001). Diagnostic accuracy was 78% for USG, 91% for CT, and 94% for MRI. Enhancement patterns, irregular margins, and diffusion restriction on MRI were highly predictive of malignancy. Conclusion: CT and MRI demonstrate strong agreement with histopathological findings, with enhancement patterns, margin irregularity, and restricted diffusion serving as reliable predictors of malignancy. Radiologic–pathologic correlation enhances diagnostic confidence, optimizes biopsy targeting, and improves patient outcomes.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Dr Syed Sajad Ahmad, Dr Asma Gulzar, Dr Tavseef Ahmad Tali
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Creative Commons License All articles published in Annals of Medicine and Medical Sciences are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Dr Syed Sajad Ahmad, Department of Radiology, Government Medical College Baramulla, J&K, India.
Department of Radiology, Government Medical College Baramulla, J&K, India.
Dr Asma Gulzar, Department of Radiology, Government Medical College Handwara, J&K, India.
Department of Radiology, Government Medical College Handwara, J&K, India.
Dr Tavseef Ahmad Tali, Department of Oncology, Government Medical College Baramulla, J&K, India.
Department of Oncology, Government Medical College Baramulla, J&K, India.
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