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Abstract
Glaucoma is the leading cause of blindness globally, behind diabetes. An optic nerve cup-to-disc ratio test may help detect early glaucoma. Goniascope, slit-lamp examination (including dilated optic disc and retinal examination), automated permetry, optical coherence tomography nerve fibre layer (NFL) examination, and Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) optic disc evaluation. Techniques such as these may be used to analyse retinal pictures and identify and compute the key portions of the images in order to acquire an estimate of optic cup-to-disc ratio. Segmentation methods and procedures will be examined in this research.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Sharvari Chavan, Dr. Popat Kumbhar, Dr. John Disouza, Dr. Kumudini Pawar, Dr. Priyanka Kale, Madhuri Nalawade, Deepali Kaldate, Sudha Nerlekar

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Creative Commons License All articles published in Annals of Medicine and Medical Sciences are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Sharvari Chavan, Assistant Professor, Abhinav Education Society’s, College of Pharmacy (B.Pharm), Narhe, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Assistant Professor, Abhinav Education Society’s, College of Pharmacy (B.Pharm), Narhe, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Dr. Popat Kumbhar, Assistant Professor, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
Assistant Professor, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
Dr. John Disouza, Principal, Bombay Institute of Pharmacy & Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Principal, Bombay Institute of Pharmacy & Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
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