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Assessment of Adverse Effects and Quality of Life in Sudanese Acne Patients Treated with Oral Isotretinoin: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

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Annals of Medicine and Medical Sciences Volume 04 (2025), Version 9 August 6, 2025 pp. 816 - 822
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Abstract

Objectives: Oral isotretinoin is an effective treatment for moderate to severe acne but is often associated with systemic side effects and psychological impact. This study assessed adverse effects and quality of life in Sudanese acne patients undergoing isotretinoin therapy. Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Methods: The research was carried out from January to March 2023 in private dermatology clinics in Khartoum, Sudan. A purposive sample of 62 acne patients aged 18 years and older who were on oral isotretinoin was recruited. Data were gathered via structured face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire containing demographic, side effects reported, and validated psychometric instruments: the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) and Skindex-16. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: Most participants were women (77.4%) and between 20–30 years old (72.6%). Most were treated with 20 mg/day isotretinoin. Side effects were xerostomia (95.2%), xerosis (93.5%), thirst (82.3%), cheilitis (53.2%), and myalgia (46.8%). Skindex-16 scores indicated moderate impairment: symptoms (44%), emotions (49%), and function (35%). The average CADI score was 7 ± 3, reflecting intermediate psychological burden. Functional scores were significantly related to severe acne, noncompliance with treatment, and dosage. Conclusion: Oral isotretinoin is linked with a variety of side effects and modest psychosocial effect. Periodic monitoring of patient health during treatment is advised.

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